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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:49:08 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0001072
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB01072
Metabolite Identification
Common NameCoenzyme Q10
DescriptionCoenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) is a naturally occurring compound widely distributed in animal organisms and in humans. The primary compounds involved in the biosynthesis of ubiquinone are 4-hydroxybenzoate and the polyprenyl chain. An essential role of coenzyme Q10 is as an electron carrier in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Moreover, coenzyme Q10 is one of the most important lipophilic antioxidants, preventing the generation of free radicals as well as oxidative modifications of proteins, lipids, and DNA, it and can also regenerate the other powerful lipophilic antioxidant, alpha-tocopherol. Antioxidant action is a property of the reduced form of coenzyme Q10, ubiquinol (CoQ10H2), and the ubisemiquinone radical (CoQ10H*). Paradoxically, independently of the known antioxidant properties of coenzyme Q10, the ubisemiquinone radical anion (CoQ10-) possesses prooxidative properties. Decreased levels of coenzyme Q10 in humans are observed in many pathologies (e.g. cardiac disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, AIDS, cancer) associated with intensive generation of free radicals and their action on cells and tissues. In these cases, treatment involves pharmaceutical supplementation or increased consumption of coenzyme Q10 with meals as well as treatment with suitable chemical compounds (i.e. folic acid or B-group vitamins) which significantly increase ubiquinone biosynthesis in the organism. Estimation of coenzyme Q10 deficiency and efficiency of its supplementation requires a determination of ubiquinone levels in the organism. Therefore, highly selective and sensitive methods must be applied, such as HPLC with UV or coulometric detection. For a number of years, coenzyme Q (CoQ10 in humans) was known for its key role in mitochondrial bioenergetics; later studies demonstrated its presence in other subcellular fractions and in plasma, and extensively investigated its antioxidant role. These two functions constitute the basis on which research supporting the clinical use of CoQ10 is founded. Also at the inner mitochondrial membrane level, coenzyme Q is recognized as an obligatory co-factor for the function of uncoupling proteins and a modulator of the transition pore. Furthermore, recent data reveal that CoQ10 affects expression of genes involved in human cell signalling, metabolism, and transport and some of the effects of exogenously administered CoQ10 may be due to this property. Coenzyme Q is the only lipid soluble antioxidant synthesized endogenously. In its reduced form, CoQH2, ubiquinol, inhibits protein and DNA oxidation but it is the effect on lipid peroxidation that has been most deeply studied. Ubiquinol inhibits the peroxidation of cell membrane lipids and also that of lipoprotein lipids present in the circulation. Dietary supplementation with CoQ10 results in increased levels of ubiquinol-10 within circulating lipoproteins and increased resistance of human low-density lipoproteins to the initiation of lipid peroxidation. Moreover, CoQ10 has a direct anti-atherogenic effect, which has been demonstrated in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice fed with a high-fat diet. (PMID: 15928598 , 17914161 ).
Structure
Data?1582752175
Synonyms
ValueSource
2-((all-e)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-Decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-p-benzoquinoneChEBI
2-[(2E,6E,10E,14E,18E,22E,26E,30E,34E)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-Decamethyltetraconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-decaen-1-yl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-1,4-benzoquinoneChEBI
AdelirChEBI
all-trans-UbiquinoneChEBI
CoQChEBI
CoQ10ChEBI
QChEBI
Q 199ChEBI
Q10ChEBI
UbidecarenoneChEBI
UbiquinoneChEBI
Ubiquinone 10ChEBI
Ubiquinone 50ChEBI
UBIQUINONE-10ChEBI
CoQ 10HMDB
2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decaprenylbenzoquinoneHMDB
Bio-quinone Q10HMDB
Ubiquinone Q10HMDB
Q-TerHMDB
CO-Enzyme Q10HMDB
(all-e)-2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-(3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31-octamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30-dotriacontaoctaenyl)-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dioneHMDB
(all-e)-2-(3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-Decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dioneHMDB
2-(3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-Decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-p-benzoquinoneHMDB
2-[(2E,6E,10E,14E,18E,22E,26E,30E,34E)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-Decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl- 2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dioneHMDB
4-Ethyl-5-fluoropyrimidineHMDB
Aqua Q 10l10HMDB
Aqua Q10HMDB
Bio-quinonHMDB
EnsorbHMDB
Kaneka Q10HMDB
KudesanHMDB
Li-Q-sorbHMDB
Liquid-QHMDB
NeuquinonHMDB
NeuquinoneHMDB
PureSorb Q 40HMDB
Q 10AAHMDB
Q-GelHMDB
Q-Gel 100HMDB
UnbiquinoneHMDB
Unispheres Q 10HMDB
Coenzyme Q10KEGG
Chemical FormulaC59H90O4
Average Molecular Weight863.3435
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight862.683911368
IUPAC Name2-[(2E,6E,10E,14E,18E,22E,26E,30E,34E)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyltetraconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-decaen-1-yl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione
Traditional Namecoenzyme-Q10
CAS Registry Number303-98-0
SMILES
COC1=C(OC)C(=O)C(C\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CCC=C(C)C)=C(C)C1=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C59H90O4/c1-44(2)24-15-25-45(3)26-16-27-46(4)28-17-29-47(5)30-18-31-48(6)32-19-33-49(7)34-20-35-50(8)36-21-37-51(9)38-22-39-52(10)40-23-41-53(11)42-43-55-54(12)56(60)58(62-13)59(63-14)57(55)61/h24,26,28,30,32,34,36,38,40,42H,15-23,25,27,29,31,33,35,37,39,41,43H2,1-14H3/b45-26+,46-28+,47-30+,48-32+,49-34+,50-36+,51-38+,52-40+,53-42+
InChI KeyACTIUHUUMQJHFO-UPTCCGCDSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ubiquinones. These are coenzyme Q derivatives containing a 5, 6-dimethoxy-3-methyl(1,4-benzoquinone) moiety to which an isoprenyl group is attached at ring position 2(or 6).
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassPrenol lipids
Sub ClassQuinone and hydroquinone lipids
Direct ParentUbiquinones
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Polyterpenoid
  • Polyprenylbenzoquinone
  • Ubiquinone skeleton
  • Quinone
  • P-benzoquinone
  • Vinylogous ester
  • Cyclic ketone
  • Ketone
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aliphatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Not AvailableNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.00019 g/LALOGPS
logP9.94ALOGPS
logP17.16ChemAxon
logS-6.6ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Basic)-4.7ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area52.6 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count31ChemAxon
Refractivity286.61 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability112.37 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
BioavailabilityNoChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
AllCCS[M+H]+300.63532859911
AllCCS[M-H]-240.56432859911
DeepCCS[M+H]+313.35530932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-311.30830932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-345.0130932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+319.31630932474
AllCCS[M+H]+300.632859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+300.232859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+301.032859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+301.132859911
AllCCS[M-H]-240.632859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-243.532859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-246.832859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Coenzyme Q10COC1=C(OC)C(=O)C(C\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CCC=C(C)C)=C(C)C1=O6686.2Standard polar33892256
Coenzyme Q10COC1=C(OC)C(=O)C(C\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CCC=C(C)C)=C(C)C1=O5228.2Standard non polar33892256
Coenzyme Q10COC1=C(OC)C(=O)C(C\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CCC=C(C)C)=C(C)C1=O5712.0Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Coenzyme Q10 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03dj-0211112090-13e67655f61e48a95d912015-09-15Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Coenzyme Q10 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00kb-0859598220-67d1d2437197bf4977c92015-09-15Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Coenzyme Q10 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-014j-1132229710-87eed3c798b1c43399ec2015-09-15Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Coenzyme Q10 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-03di-0000000090-68b5c91d1736a60337782015-09-15Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Coenzyme Q10 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-08fs-0100000390-3f2c6d6cc684a14c65862015-09-15Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Coenzyme Q10 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000b-8100000890-af49da707a25798624ae2015-09-15Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Coenzyme Q10 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-03di-0000000090-a6d03131917f48e133bd2021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Coenzyme Q10 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0401-0610000090-dc4b3b3f945aad4d42572021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Coenzyme Q10 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0159-0390020220-89b5a282573b01b279b52021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Coenzyme Q10 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0lxt-4604144690-1c8a7d6e65a6bdea91f22021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Coenzyme Q10 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-2904643200-44e3daf814c9cf3545a52021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Coenzyme Q10 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0059-9513721000-094a787c7f6611385e572021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted)2022-08-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane (predicted from logP)
  • Mitochondria
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Feces
Tissue Locations
  • Brain
  • Kidney
  • Leukocyte
  • Liver
  • Skeletal Muscle
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified1.17 +/- 0.12 uMAdult (>18 years old)MaleNormal
    • Geigy Scientific ...
details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.65 +/- 0.18 uMAdult (>18 years old)FemaleNormal
    • Geigy Scientific ...
details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.85 (0.46-1.33) uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal
    • Geigy Scientific ...
details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.040 +/- 0.014 uMAdult (>18 years old)MaleNormal details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.056 +/- 0.023 uMAdult (>18 years old)MaleNormal details
BloodDetected and Quantified4.31 +/- 0.42 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNewborn (0-30 days old)Not Specified
Premature neonates
details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB09270
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB013228
KNApSAcK IDC00002866
Chemspider IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDC11378
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkCoenzyme_Q10
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound5281915
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID46245
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceSeo, Myung-Ji; Im, Eun-Mi; Hur, Jin-Haeng; Nam, Jung-Yeon; Hyun, Chang-Gu; Pyun, Yu-Ryang; Kim, Soon-Ok. Production of coenzyme Q10 by recombinant E. coli harboring the decaprenyl diphosphate synthase gene from Sinorhizobium meliloti. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology (2006), 16(6), 933-938.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Siciliano G, Mancuso M, Tedeschi D, Manca ML, Renna MR, Lombardi V, Rocchi A, Martelli F, Murri L: Coenzyme Q10, exercise lactate and CTG trinucleotide expansion in myotonic dystrophy. Brain Res Bull. 2001 Oct-Nov 1;56(3-4):405-10. [PubMed:11719279 ]
  2. Appelkvist EL, Edlund C, Low P, Schedin S, Kalen A, Dallner G: Effects of inhibitors of hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase on coenzyme Q and dolichol biosynthesis. Clin Investig. 1993;71(8 Suppl):S97-102. [PubMed:8241713 ]
  3. Lalani SR, Vladutiu GD, Plunkett K, Lotze TE, Adesina AM, Scaglia F: Isolated mitochondrial myopathy associated with muscle coenzyme Q10 deficiency. Arch Neurol. 2005 Feb;62(2):317-20. [PubMed:15710863 ]
  4. Mosca L, Marcellini S, Perluigi M, Mastroiacovo P, Moretti S, Famularo G, Peluso I, Santini G, De Simone C: Modulation of apoptosis and improved redox metabolism with the use of a new antioxidant formula. Biochem Pharmacol. 2002 Apr 1;63(7):1305-14. [PubMed:11960607 ]
  5. Zierz S, von Wersebe O, Bleistein J, Jerusalem F: Exogenous coenzyme Q (coq) fails to increase coq in skeletal muscle of two patients with mitochondrial myopathies. J Neurol Sci. 1990 Mar;95(3):283-90. [PubMed:2358821 ]
  6. Sekine K, Ota N, Nishii M, Uetake T, Shimadzu M: Estimation of plasma and saliva levels of coenzyme Q10 and influence of oral supplementation. Biofactors. 2005;25(1-4):205-11. [PubMed:16873948 ]
  7. Zhou S, Zhang Y, Davie A, Marshall-Gradisnik S, Hu H, Wang J, Brushett D: Muscle and plasma coenzyme Q10 concentration, aerobic power and exercise economy of healthy men in response to four weeks of supplementation. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2005 Sep;45(3):337-46. [PubMed:16230985 ]
  8. Folkers K, Hanioka T, Xia LJ, McRee JT Jr, Langsjoen P: Coenzyme Q10 increases T4/T8 ratios of lymphocytes in ordinary subjects and relevance to patients having the AIDS related complex. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Apr 30;176(2):786-91. [PubMed:1673841 ]
  9. Mancini A, De Marinis L, Oradei A, Hallgass ME, Conte G, Pozza D, Littarru GP: Coenzyme Q10 concentrations in normal and pathological human seminal fluid. J Androl. 1994 Nov-Dec;15(6):591-4. [PubMed:7721661 ]
  10. Hanisch F, Zierz S: Only transient increase of serum CoQ subset 10 during long-term CoQ10 therapy in mitochondrial ophthalmoplegia. Eur J Med Res. 2003 Nov 12;8(11):485-91. [PubMed:14644702 ]
  11. Ogasahara S, Engel AG, Frens D, Mack D: Muscle coenzyme Q deficiency in familial mitochondrial encephalomyopathy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2379-82. [PubMed:2928337 ]
  12. Ye CQ, Folkers K, Tamagawa H, Pfeiffer C: A modified determination of coenzyme Q10 in human blood and CoQ10 blood levels in diverse patients with allergies. Biofactors. 1988 Dec;1(4):303-6. [PubMed:3255359 ]
  13. Singh RB, Niaz MA, Rastogi SS, Shukla PK, Thakur AS: Effect of hydrosoluble coenzyme Q10 on blood pressures and insulin resistance in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease. J Hum Hypertens. 1999 Mar;13(3):203-8. [PubMed:10204818 ]
  14. Van Maldergem L, Trijbels F, DiMauro S, Sindelar PJ, Musumeci O, Janssen A, Delberghe X, Martin JJ, Gillerot Y: Coenzyme Q-responsive Leigh's encephalopathy in two sisters. Ann Neurol. 2002 Dec;52(6):750-4. [PubMed:12447928 ]
  15. Tomasetti M, Alleva R, Solenghi MD, Littarru GP: Distribution of antioxidants among blood components and lipoproteins: significance of lipids/CoQ10 ratio as a possible marker of increased risk for atherosclerosis. Biofactors. 1999;9(2-4):231-40. [PubMed:10416035 ]
  16. Ogasahara S, Yorifuji S, Nishikawa Y, Takahashi M, Wada K, Hazama T, Nakamura Y, Hashimoto S, Kono N, Tarui S: Improvement of abnormal pyruvate metabolism and cardiac conduction defect with coenzyme Q10 in Kearns-Sayre syndrome. Neurology. 1985 Mar;35(3):372-7. [PubMed:3974895 ]
  17. Mancini A, Conte B, De Marinis L, Hallgass ME, Pozza D, Oradei A, Littarru GP: Coenzyme Q10 levels in human seminal fluid: diagnostic and clinical implications. Mol Aspects Med. 1994;15 Suppl:s249-55. [PubMed:7752837 ]
  18. Zierz S, Jahns G, Jerusalem F: Coenzyme Q in serum and muscle of 5 patients with Kearns-Sayre syndrome and 12 patients with ophthalmoplegia plus. J Neurol. 1989 Feb;236(2):97-101. [PubMed:2709060 ]
  19. Miyake Y, Shouzu A, Nishikawa M, Yonemoto T, Shimizu H, Omoto S, Hayakawa T, Inada M: Effect of treatment with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors on serum coenzyme Q10 in diabetic patients. Arzneimittelforschung. 1999 Apr;49(4):324-9. [PubMed:10337451 ]
  20. De Luca C, Filosa A, Grandinetti M, Maggio F, Lamba M, Passi S: Blood antioxidant status and urinary levels of catecholamine metabolites in beta-thalassemia. Free Radic Res. 1999 Jun;30(6):453-62. [PubMed:10400457 ]
  21. Siemieniuk E, Skrzydlewska E: [Coenzyme Q10: its biosynthesis and biological significance in animal organisms and in humans]. Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2005;59:150-9. [PubMed:15928598 ]
  22. Littarru GP, Tiano L: Bioenergetic and antioxidant properties of coenzyme Q10: recent developments. Mol Biotechnol. 2007 Sep;37(1):31-7. [PubMed:17914161 ]

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 17 proteins in total.

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in oxidation reduction
Specific function:
Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity).
Gene Name:
MT-ND1
Uniprot ID:
P03886
Molecular weight:
35660.055
Reactions
NADH + Coenzyme Q10 → NAD + QH(2)details
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Specific function:
Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity).
Gene Name:
NDUFS2
Uniprot ID:
O75306
Molecular weight:
51851.59
Reactions
NADH + Coenzyme Q10 → NAD + QH(2)details
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Specific function:
Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity).
Gene Name:
MT-ND4L
Uniprot ID:
P03901
Molecular weight:
10741.005
Reactions
NADH + Coenzyme Q10 → NAD + QH(2)details
General function:
Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Specific function:
Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity).
Gene Name:
MT-ND5
Uniprot ID:
P03915
Molecular weight:
67025.67
Reactions
NADH + Coenzyme Q10 → NAD + QH(2)details
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
Specific function:
Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity).
Gene Name:
NDUFS3
Uniprot ID:
O75489
Molecular weight:
30241.245
Reactions
NADH + Coenzyme Q10 → NAD + QH(2)details
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity).
Gene Name:
NDUFV2
Uniprot ID:
P19404
Molecular weight:
27391.36
Reactions
NADH + Coenzyme Q10 → NAD + QH(2)details
General function:
Involved in electron carrier activity
Specific function:
Flavoprotein (FP) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q). Can act as a tumor suppressor.
Gene Name:
SDHA
Uniprot ID:
P31040
Molecular weight:
72690.975
Reactions
Succinic acid + Coenzyme Q10 → Fumaric acid + QH(2)details
General function:
Involved in electron carrier activity
Specific function:
Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity). May donate electrons to ubiquinone.
Gene Name:
NDUFS8
Uniprot ID:
O00217
Molecular weight:
23704.795
Reactions
NADH + Coenzyme Q10 → NAD + QH(2)details
General function:
Involved in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
Specific function:
Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity).
Gene Name:
MT-ND2
Uniprot ID:
P03891
Molecular weight:
38960.47
Reactions
NADH + Coenzyme Q10 → NAD + QH(2)details
General function:
Involved in electron carrier activity
Specific function:
Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity). This is the largest subunit of complex I and it is a component of the iron-sulfur (IP) fragment of the enzyme. It may form part of the active site crevice where NADH is oxidized.
Gene Name:
NDUFS1
Uniprot ID:
P28331
Molecular weight:
67523.595
Reactions
NADH + Coenzyme Q10 → NAD + QH(2)details

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 17 proteins in total.